Java创建多线程的两种方式:继承Thread类和实现Runnable接口

继承Thread类:继承Thread类,再重写Thread类的Run方法,然后调用start()方法启动线程,启动线程后执行的是run方法。注意:多次启动线程(多次调用start()方法)是不合法的。

实现Runnable接口:实现Runnable接口,再重写run方法,然后将这个实现类当做参数传给Thread类,例如:Thread dog = new Thread(runn,"小狗"),创建了一个线程,这里的runn是实现Runnable接口的类,“小狗”是线程的名字。

目录

1. 继承Thread类创建多线程

2. 继承Thread类是怎样实现的多线程

3. 实现Runnable接口创建多线程

1. 继承Thread类创建多线程

需要去继承Thread类,重写Thread类的Run方法,然后调用start()方法启动线程,启动线程后执行的是run方法。

样例:TestThread类,继承了Thread类,重写Thread类的Run方法,getName() 方法是样Thread类的方法,如下所示:

package basic;

public class TestThread extends Thread{

@Override

public void run() {

for(int i=1; i<=3; i++) {

System.out.println(this.getName());

try {

Thread.sleep(100);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

}

使用start()方法调用run()方法,setName()方法给线程命名,测试代码如下所示。

package basic;

public class Test {

public static void main(String args[]) {

TestThread testThread = new TestThread();

TestThread testThread1 = new TestThread();

testThread.setName("testThread");

testThread1.setName("threadThread1");

testThread.start();

testThread1.start();

}

}

运行截图如下所示,注意:运行情况是固定不变的。

2. 继承Thread类是怎样实现的多线程

为什么重写run() 方法之后,再调用start() 方法就可以实现多线程,我尝试去读一下源码,如有错误请指出:

start 方法,使该线程开始执行;Java虚拟机调用该线程的run方法,结果是两个线程同时运行,当前线程(调用start方法的线程)和另一个线程(执行其run方法的线程)

多次启动线程是不合法的。特别是,线程完成后可能不会重新启动。重新启动会报错:Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalThreadStateException,如下图所示

start()方法如下所示:;

/**

* Causes this thread to begin execution; the Java Virtual Machine

* calls the run method of this thread.

*

* The result is that two threads are running concurrently: the

* current thread (which returns from the call to the

* start method) and the other thread (which executes its

* run method).

*

* It is never legal to start a thread more than once.

* In particular, a thread may not be restarted once it has completed

* execution.

*

* @exception IllegalThreadStateException if the thread was already

* started.

* @see #run()

* @see #stop()

*/

public synchronized void start() {

/**

* This method is not invoked for the main method thread or "system"

* group threads created/set up by the VM. Any new functionality added

* to this method in the future may have to also be added to the VM.

*

* A zero status value corresponds to state "NEW".

*/

if (threadStatus != 0)

throw new IllegalThreadStateException();

/* Notify the group that this thread is about to be started

* so that it can be added to the group's list of threads

* and the group's unstarted count can be decremented. */

group.add(this);

boolean started = false;

try {

start0();

started = true;

} finally {

try {

if (!started) {

group.threadStartFailed(this);

}

} catch (Throwable ignore) {

/* do nothing. If start0 threw a Throwable then

it will be passed up the call stack */

}

}

}

threadStatus,Java线程状态,默认指示线程尚未启动。

/*

* Java thread status for tools, default indicates thread 'not yet started'

*/

private volatile int threadStatus;

group,线程所在的组。

/* The group of this thread */

private ThreadGroup group;

start0()方法启动线程,start0是一个本地方法,native关键字说明其修饰的方法是一个原生态方法,方法对应的实现不是在当前文件,而是在用其他语言(如C和C++)实现的文件中,Java的底层是使用C++实现的。

private native void start0();

3. 实现Runnable接口创建多线程

实现Runnable接口,重写run方法,然后将这个实现类当做参数传给Thread类,例如:Thread dog = new Thread(runn,"小狗"),创建了一个线程,这里的runn是实现Runnable接口的类,“小狗”是线程的名字。

实现Runnable接口创建多线程和继承Thread类创建多线程相比,实现Runnable接口还可以继承其他类,因为Java中一个类只能继承一个类。

一个小实例,TestRunnable.java:

package basic;

public class TestRunnable implements Runnable{

// 实现 Runnable接口 中的run()方法

@Override

public void run() {

int times = 5;

for(int i=0; i

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());

try {

Thread.sleep(100);

}

catch(InterruptedException ie){

ie.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

public static void main(String args[]) {

TestRunnable runn = new TestRunnable();

// 创建线程

Thread dog = new Thread(runn,"小狗");

Thread cat = new Thread(runn,"小猫");

// 启动线程

dog.start();

cat.start();

}

}

运行截图如下所示,注意:运行结果不是一成不变的。

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